​🎉 ∞ Pre-Announcements

​📄 Changelog - Update Notes - June 2 2021

• Updated CNCLI's Leaderlog command with the stake-snapshot approach​

• Added CNCLI tool for sending slot to Pooltool and for LeaderLog scripts

• Updated guide for release cardano-node/cli v1.27.0 changes

• Added Stake Pool Operator's Best Practices Checklist​

• Contribution By Billionaire Pool - Guide to monitor your node security with OSSEC and Slack.​

• Added how to Secure your pool pledge with a 2nd pool owner using a hardware wallet​

​🏁 0. Prerequisites

​🧙♂ Mandatory skills for stake pool operators

As a stake pool operator for Cardano, you will be competent with the following abilities:

• operational knowledge of how to set up, run and maintain a Cardano node continuously

• a commitment to maintain your node 24/7/365

• system operation skills

• server administration skills (operational and maintenance).

​🧙 Mandatory experience for stake pool operators

• experience of development and operations (DevOps)

• experience on how to harden and secure a server.

• ​passed the official Stake Pool School course.​

​🎗 Minimum Stake Pool Hardware Requirements

• Two separate servers: 1 for block producer node, 1 for relay node

• One air-gapped offline machine (cold environment)

• Operating system: 64-bit Linux (i.e. Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS)

• Processor: An Intel or AMD x86 processor with two or more cores, at 2GHz or faster

• Memory: 8GB of RAM

• Storage: 20GB of free storage

• Internet: Broadband internet connection with speeds at least 10 Mbps.

• Data Plan: at least 1GB per hour. 720GB per month.

• Power: Reliable electrical power

• ADA balance: at least 505 ADA for pool deposit and transaction fees

​🏋♂ Recommended Future-proof Stake Pool Hardware Setup

• Three separate servers: 1 for block producer node, 2 for relay nodes

• One air-gapped offline machine (cold environment)

• Operating system: 64-bit Linux (i.e. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)

• Processor: 4 core or higher CPU

• Memory: 8GB+ of RAM

• Storage: 256GB+ SSD

• Internet: Broadband internet connections with speeds at least 100 Mbps

• Data Plan: Unlimited

• Power: Reliable electrical power with UPS

• ADA balance: more pledge is better, to be determined by a0, the pledge influence factor

​🔓 Recommended Stake Pool Security

If you need ideas on how to harden your stake pool's nodes, refer to

​🛠 Setup Ubuntu

If you need to install Ubuntu Server, refer to

For instructions on installing Ubuntu Desktop, refer to the following:

​🧱 Rebuilding Nodes

If you are rebuilding or reusing an existing cardano-node installation, refer to section 18.2 on how to reset the installation.​

​🏭 1. Install Cabal and GHC

If using Ubuntu Desktop, press Ctrl+Alt+T. This will launch a terminal window.

First, update packages and install Ubuntu dependencies.

sudo apt-get update -y

sudo apt-get upgrade -y

sudo apt-get install git jq bc make automake rsync htop curl build-essential pkg-config libffi-dev libgmp-dev libssl-dev libtinfo-dev libsystemd-dev zlib1g-dev make g++ wget libncursesw5 libtool autoconf -y

Install Libsodium.

mkdir $HOME/git
cd $HOME/git
git clone https://github.com/input-output-hk/libsodium
cd libsodium
git checkout 66f017f1
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
sudo make install

sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libsodium.so.23.3.0 /usr/lib/libsodium.so.23

sudo ldconfig

sudo apt-get install libnuma-dev

Install Cabal and dependencies.

sudo apt-get -y install pkg-config libgmp-dev libssl-dev libtinfo-dev libsystemd-dev zlib1g-dev build-essential curl libgmp-dev libffi-dev libncurses-dev libtinfo5

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://get-ghcup.haskell.org | sh

Answer NO to installing haskell-language-server (HLS).

Answer YES to automatically add the required PATH variable to ".bashrc".

cd $HOME
source .bashrc
ghcup upgrade
ghcup install cabal 3.4.0.0
ghcup set cabal 3.4.0.0

Install GHC.

ghcup install ghc 8.10.4
ghcup set ghc 8.10.4

Update PATH to include Cabal and GHC and add exports. Your node's location will be in $NODE_HOME. The cluster configuration is set by $NODE_CONFIG and $NODE_BUILD_NUM.

echo PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH" >> $HOME/.bashrc
echo export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> $HOME/.bashrc
echo export NODE_HOME=$HOME/cardano-my-node >> $HOME/.bashrc
echo export NODE_CONFIG=mainnet>> $HOME/.bashrc
echo export NODE_BUILD_NUM=$(curl https://hydra.iohk.io/job/Cardano/iohk-nix/cardano-deployment/latest-finished/download/1/index.html | grep -e "build" | sed 's/.*build\/\([0-9]*\)\/download.*/\1/g') >> $HOME/.bashrc
source $HOME/.bashrc

Update cabal and verify the correct versions were installed successfully.

cabal update
cabal --version
ghc --version

​🏗 2. Build the node from source code

Download source code and switch to the latest tag.

cd $HOME/git
git clone https://github.com/input-output-hk/cardano-node.git
cd cardano-node
git fetch --all --recurse-submodules --tags
git checkout $(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/input-output-hk/cardano-node/releases/latest | jq -r .tag_name)

Configure build options.

cabal configure -O0 -w ghc-8.10.4

Update the cabal config, project settings, and reset build folder.

echo -e "package cardano-crypto-praos\n flags: -external-libsodium-vrf" > cabal.project.local
sed -i $HOME/.cabal/config -e "s/overwrite-policy:/overwrite-policy: always/g"
rm -rf $HOME/git/cardano-node/dist-newstyle/build/x86_64-linux/ghc-8.10.4

Build the cardano-node from source code.

cabal build cardano-cli cardano-node

Copy cardano-cli and cardano-node files into bin directory.

sudo cp $(find $HOME/git/cardano-node/dist-newstyle/build -type f -name "cardano-cli") /usr/local/bin/cardano-cli

sudo cp $(find $HOME/git/cardano-node/dist-newstyle/build -type f -name "cardano-node") /usr/local/bin/cardano-node

Verify your cardano-cli and cardano-node are the expected versions.

cardano-node version
cardano-cli version

​📐 3. Configure the nodes

Here you'll grab the config.json, genesis.json, and topology.json files needed to configure your node.

mkdir $NODE_HOME
cd $NODE_HOME
wget -N https://hydra.iohk.io/build/${NODE_BUILD_NUM}/download/1/${NODE_CONFIG}-byron-genesis.json
wget -N https://hydra.iohk.io/build/${NODE_BUILD_NUM}/download/1/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json
wget -N https://hydra.iohk.io/build/${NODE_BUILD_NUM}/download/1/${NODE_CONFIG}-shelley-genesis.json
wget -N https://hydra.iohk.io/build/${NODE_BUILD_NUM}/download/1/${NODE_CONFIG}-config.json

Run the following to modify mainnet-config.json and

• update TraceBlockFetchDecisions to "true"

sed -i ${NODE_CONFIG}-config.json \
    -e "s/TraceBlockFetchDecisions\": false/TraceBlockFetchDecisions\": true/g"

Update .bashrc shell variables.

echo export CARDANO_NODE_SOCKET_PATH="$NODE_HOME/db/socket" >> $HOME/.bashrc
source $HOME/.bashrc

​🔮 4. Configure the block-producer node

On your block-producer node, run the following. Update the addr with your relay node's public IP address.

cat > $NODE_HOME/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json << EOF 
 {
    "Producers": [
      {
        "addr": "<RELAYNODE1'S PUBLIC IP ADDRESS>",
        "port": 6000,
        "valency": 1
      }
    ]
  }
EOF

​🛸 5. Configure the relay node(s)

On your relaynode1, run with the following after updating with your block producer's public IP address.

cat > $NODE_HOME/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json << EOF 
 {
    "Producers": [
      {
        "addr": "<BLOCK PRODUCER NODE'S PUBLIC IP ADDRESS>",
        "port": 6000,
        "valency": 1
      },
      {
        "addr": "relays-new.cardano-mainnet.iohk.io",
        "port": 3001,
        "valency": 2
      }
    ]
  }
EOF

​🔏 6. Configure the air-gapped offline machine

echo export NODE_HOME=$HOME/cardano-my-node >> $HOME/.bashrc
source $HOME/.bashrc
mkdir -p $NODE_HOME

Copy from your hot environment, also known as your block producer node, a copy of the cardano-cli binaries to your cold environment, this air-gapped offline machine.

​🤖 7. Create startup scripts

The startup script contains all the variables needed to run a cardano-node such as directory, port, db path, config file, and topology file.

cat > $NODE_HOME/startBlockProducingNode.sh << EOF 
#!/bin/bash
DIRECTORY=$NODE_HOME
PORT=6000
HOSTADDR=0.0.0.0
TOPOLOGY=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json
DB_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db
SOCKET_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db/socket
CONFIG=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-config.json
/usr/local/bin/cardano-node run --topology \${TOPOLOGY} --database-path \${DB_PATH} --socket-path \${SOCKET_PATH} --host-addr \${HOSTADDR} --port \${PORT} --config \${CONFIG}
EOF

cat > $NODE_HOME/startRelayNode1.sh << EOF 
#!/bin/bash
DIRECTORY=$NODE_HOME
PORT=6000
HOSTADDR=0.0.0.0
TOPOLOGY=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json
DB_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db
SOCKET_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db/socket
CONFIG=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-config.json
/usr/local/bin/cardano-node run --topology \${TOPOLOGY} --database-path \${DB_PATH} --socket-path \${SOCKET_PATH} --host-addr \${HOSTADDR} --port \${PORT} --config \${CONFIG}
EOF

Add execute permissions to the startup script.

chmod +x $NODE_HOME/startBlockProducingNode.sh

chmod +x $NODE_HOME/startRelayNode1.sh 

Run the following to create a systemd unit file to define yourcardano-node.service configuration.

cat > $NODE_HOME/cardano-node.service << EOF 
# The Cardano node service (part of systemd)
# file: /etc/systemd/system/cardano-node.service 
​
[Unit]
Description     = Cardano node service
Wants           = network-online.target
After           = network-online.target 
​
[Service]
User            = ${USER}
Type            = simple
WorkingDirectory= ${NODE_HOME}
ExecStart       = /bin/bash -c '${NODE_HOME}/startBlockProducingNode.sh'
KillSignal=SIGINT
RestartKillSignal=SIGINT
TimeoutStopSec=2
LimitNOFILE=32768
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
SyslogIdentifier=cardano-node
​
[Install]
WantedBy	= multi-user.target
EOF

cat > $NODE_HOME/cardano-node.service << EOF 
# The Cardano node service (part of systemd)
# file: /etc/systemd/system/cardano-node.service 
​
[Unit]
Description     = Cardano node service
Wants           = network-online.target
After           = network-online.target 
​
[Service]
User            = ${USER}
Type            = simple
WorkingDirectory= ${NODE_HOME}
ExecStart       = /bin/bash -c '${NODE_HOME}/startRelayNode1.sh'
KillSignal=SIGINT
RestartKillSignal=SIGINT
TimeoutStopSec=2
LimitNOFILE=32768
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
SyslogIdentifier=cardano-node
​
[Install]
WantedBy	= multi-user.target
EOF

Move the unit file to /etc/systemd/system and give it permissions.

sudo mv $NODE_HOME/cardano-node.service /etc/systemd/system/cardano-node.service

sudo chmod 644 /etc/systemd/system/cardano-node.service

Run the following to enable auto-starting of your stake pool at boot time.

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable cardano-node

​🔎 View the status of the node service

sudo systemctl status cardano-node

​🔄 Restarting the node service

sudo systemctl reload-or-restart cardano-node

​🛑 Stopping the node service

sudo systemctl stop cardano-node

🗄 Viewing and filter logs

journalctl --unit=cardano-node --follow

journalctl --unit=cardano-node --since=yesterday

journalctl --unit=cardano-node --since=today

journalctl --unit=cardano-node --since='2020-07-29 00:00:00' --until='2020-07-29 12:00:00'

​✅ 8. Start the nodes

Start your stake pool with systemctl and begin syncing the blockchain!

sudo systemctl start cardano-node

sudo systemctl start cardano-node

Install gLiveView, a monitoring tool.

cd $NODE_HOME
sudo apt install bc tcptraceroute -y
curl -s -o gLiveView.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cardano-community/guild-operators/master/scripts/cnode-helper-scripts/gLiveView.sh
curl -s -o env https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cardano-community/guild-operators/master/scripts/cnode-helper-scripts/env
chmod 755 gLiveView.sh

Run the following to modify env with the updated file locations.

sed -i env \
    -e "s/\#CONFIG=\"\${CNODE_HOME}\/files\/config.json\"/CONFIG=\"\${NODE_HOME}\/mainnet-config.json\"/g" \
    -e "s/\#SOCKET=\"\${CNODE_HOME}\/sockets\/node0.socket\"/SOCKET=\"\${NODE_HOME}\/db\/socket\"/g"

journalctl --unit=cardano-node --follow

Run gLiveView to monitor the progress of the sync'ing of the blockchain.

./gLiveView.sh

Sample output of gLiveView.

For more information, refer to the official Guild Live View docs.​

​⚙ 9. Generate block-producer keys

The block-producer node requires you to create 3 keys as defined in the Shelley ledger specs:

• stake pool cold key (node.cert)

• stake pool hot key (kes.skey)

• stake pool VRF key (vrf.skey)

First, make a KES key pair.

cd $NODE_HOME
cardano-cli node key-gen-KES \
    --verification-key-file kes.vkey \
    --signing-key-file kes.skey

Make a directory to store your cold keys

mkdir $HOME/cold-keys
pushd $HOME/cold-keys

Make a set of cold keys and create the cold counter file.

cardano-cli node key-gen \
    --cold-verification-key-file node.vkey \
    --cold-signing-key-file node.skey \
    --operational-certificate-issue-counter node.counter

Determine the number of slots per KES period from the genesis file.

pushd +1
slotsPerKESPeriod=$(cat $NODE_HOME/${NODE_CONFIG}-shelley-genesis.json | jq -r '.slotsPerKESPeriod')
echo slotsPerKESPeriod: ${slotsPerKESPeriod}

slotNo=$(cardano-cli query tip --mainnet | jq -r '.slot')
echo slotNo: ${slotNo}

Find the kesPeriod by dividing the slot tip number by the slotsPerKESPeriod.

kesPeriod=$((${slotNo} / ${slotsPerKESPeriod}))
echo kesPeriod: ${kesPeriod}
startKesPeriod=${kesPeriod}
echo startKesPeriod: ${startKesPeriod}

With this calculation, you can generate a operational certificate for your pool.

Copy kes.vkey to your cold environment.

Change the <startKesPeriod> value accordingly.

cardano-cli node issue-op-cert \
    --kes-verification-key-file kes.vkey \
    --cold-signing-key-file $HOME/cold-keys/node.skey \
    --operational-certificate-issue-counter $HOME/cold-keys/node.counter \
    --kes-period <startKesPeriod> \
    --out-file node.cert

Copy node.cert to your hot environment.

Make a VRF key pair.

cardano-cli node key-gen-VRF \
    --verification-key-file vrf.vkey \
    --signing-key-file vrf.skey

Update vrf key permissions to read-only.

chmod 400 vrf.skey

Stop your stake pool by running the following:

sudo systemctl stop cardano-node

Update your startup script with the new KES, VRF and Operation Certificate.

cat > $NODE_HOME/startBlockProducingNode.sh << EOF 
DIRECTORY=$NODE_HOME
PORT=6000
HOSTADDR=0.0.0.0
TOPOLOGY=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-topology.json
DB_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db
SOCKET_PATH=\${DIRECTORY}/db/socket
CONFIG=\${DIRECTORY}/${NODE_CONFIG}-config.json
KES=\${DIRECTORY}/kes.skey
VRF=\${DIRECTORY}/vrf.skey
CERT=\${DIRECTORY}/node.cert
cardano-node run --topology \${TOPOLOGY} --database-path \${DB_PATH} --socket-path \${SOCKET_PATH} --host-addr \${HOSTADDR} --port \${PORT} --config \${CONFIG} --shelley-kes-key \${KES} --shelley-vrf-key \${VRF} --shelley-operational-certificate \${CERT}
EOF

Now start your block producer node.

sudo systemctl start cardano-node
​
# Monitor with gLiveView
./gLiveView.sh

​🔐 10. Setup payment and stake keys

First, obtain the protocol-parameters.

cardano-cli query protocol-parameters \
    --mainnet \
    --out-file params.json

There are two ways to create your payment and stake key pair. Pick the one that best suits your needs.

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cd $NODE_HOME
cardano-cli address key-gen \
    --verification-key-file payment.vkey \
    --signing-key-file payment.skey

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cardano-cli stake-address key-gen \
    --verification-key-file stake.vkey \
    --signing-key-file stake.skey

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cardano-cli stake-address build \
    --stake-verification-key-file stake.vkey \
    --out-file stake.addr \
    --mainnet

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cardano-cli address build \
    --payment-verification-key-file payment.vkey \
    --stake-verification-key-file stake.vkey \
    --out-file payment.addr \
    --mainnet

###
### On block producer node,
###
cd $NODE_HOME
wget https://hydra.iohk.io/build/3662127/download/1/cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28-linux64.tar.gz

echo "f75e5b2b4cc5f373d6b1c1235818bcab696d86232cb2c5905b2d91b4805bae84 *cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28-linux64.tar.gz" | shasum -a 256 --check

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
tar -xvf cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28-linux64.tar.gz
rm cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28-linux64.tar.gz

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cat > extractPoolStakingKeys.sh << HERE
#!/bin/bash 
​
CADDR=\${CADDR:=\$( which cardano-address )}
[[ -z "\$CADDR" ]] && ( echo "cardano-address cannot be found, exiting..." >&2 ; exit 127 )
​
CCLI=\${CCLI:=\$( which cardano-cli )}
[[ -z "\$CCLI" ]] && ( echo "cardano-cli cannot be found, exiting..." >&2 ; exit 127 )
​
OUT_DIR="\$1"
[[ -e "\$OUT_DIR"  ]] && {
       	echo "The \"\$OUT_DIR\" is already exist delete and run again." >&2 
       	exit 127
} || mkdir -p "\$OUT_DIR" && pushd "\$OUT_DIR" >/dev/null
​
shift
MNEMONIC="\$*"
​
# Generate the master key from mnemonics and derive the stake account keys 
# as extended private and public keys (xpub, xprv)
echo "\$MNEMONIC" |\
"\$CADDR" key from-recovery-phrase Shelley > root.prv
​
cat root.prv |\
"\$CADDR" key child 1852H/1815H/0H/2/0 > stake.xprv
​
cat root.prv |\
"\$CADDR" key child 1852H/1815H/0H/0/0 > payment.xprv
​
TESTNET=0
MAINNET=1
NETWORK=\$MAINNET
​
cat payment.xprv |\
"\$CADDR" key public | tee payment.xpub |\
"\$CADDR" address payment --network-tag \$NETWORK |\
"\$CADDR" address delegation \$(cat stake.xprv | "\$CADDR" key public | tee stake.xpub) |\
tee base.addr_candidate |\
"\$CADDR" address inspect
echo "Generated from 1852H/1815H/0H/{0,2}/0"
cat base.addr_candidate
echo
​
# XPrv/XPub conversion to normal private and public key, keep in mind the 
# keypars are not a valind Ed25519 signing keypairs.
TESTNET_MAGIC="--testnet-magic 1097911063"
MAINNET_MAGIC="--mainnet"
MAGIC="\$MAINNET_MAGIC"
​
SESKEY=\$( cat stake.xprv | bech32 | cut -b -128 )\$( cat stake.xpub | bech32)
PESKEY=\$( cat payment.xprv | bech32 | cut -b -128 )\$( cat payment.xpub | bech32)
​
cat << EOF > stake.skey
{
    "type": "StakeExtendedSigningKeyShelley_ed25519_bip32",
    "description": "",
    "cborHex": "5880\$SESKEY"
}
EOF
​
cat << EOF > payment.skey
{
    "type": "PaymentExtendedSigningKeyShelley_ed25519_bip32",
    "description": "Payment Signing Key",
    "cborHex": "5880\$PESKEY"
}
EOF
​
"\$CCLI" shelley key verification-key --signing-key-file stake.skey --verification-key-file stake.evkey
"\$CCLI" shelley key verification-key --signing-key-file payment.skey --verification-key-file payment.evkey
​
"\$CCLI" shelley key non-extended-key --extended-verification-key-file payment.evkey --verification-key-file payment.vkey
"\$CCLI" shelley key non-extended-key --extended-verification-key-file stake.evkey --verification-key-file stake.vkey
​
​
"\$CCLI" shelley stake-address build --stake-verification-key-file stake.vkey \$MAGIC > stake.addr
"\$CCLI" shelley address build --payment-verification-key-file payment.vkey \$MAGIC > payment.addr
"\$CCLI" shelley address build \
    --payment-verification-key-file payment.vkey \
    --stake-verification-key-file stake.vkey \
    \$MAGIC > base.addr
​
echo "Important the base.addr and the base.addr_candidate must be the same"
diff base.addr base.addr_candidate
popd >/dev/null
HERE

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
chmod +x extractPoolStakingKeys.sh
export PATH="$(pwd)/cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28:$PATH"

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
./extractPoolStakingKeys.sh extractedPoolKeys/ <15|24-word length mnemonic>

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
cd extractedPoolKeys/
cp stake.vkey stake.skey stake.addr payment.vkey payment.skey base.addr $NODE_HOME
cd $NODE_HOME
#Rename to base.addr file to payment.addr
mv base.addr payment.addr

###
### On air-gapped offline machine,
###
history -c && history -w
rm -rf $NODE_HOME/cardano-wallet-shelley-2020.7.28

Next step is to fund your payment address.

Copy payment.addr to your hot environment.

Payment address can be funded from your Daedalus / Yoroi wallet.

Run the following to find your payment address.

cat payment.addr

After funding your account, check your payment address balance.

cardano-cli query utxo \
    --address $(cat payment.addr) \
    --mainnet

You should see output similar to this. This is your unspent transaction output (UXTO).

                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Lovelace
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100322a39d02c2ead....                                              0        1000000000

​👩💻 11. Register your stake address

Create a certificate, stake.cert, using the stake.vkey

cardano-cli stake-address registration-certificate \
    --stake-verification-key-file stake.vkey \
    --out-file stake.cert

Copy stake.cert to your hot environment.

You need to find the tip of the blockchain to set the invalid-hereafter parameter properly.

currentSlot=$(cardano-cli query tip --mainnet | jq -r '.slot')
echo Current Slot: $currentSlot

Find your balance and UTXOs.

cardano-cli query utxo \
    --address $(cat payment.addr) \
    --mainnet > fullUtxo.out
​
tail -n +3 fullUtxo.out | sort -k3 -nr > balance.out
​
cat balance.out
​
tx_in=""
total_balance=0
while read -r utxo; do
    in_addr=$(awk '{ print $1 }' <<< "${utxo}")
    idx=$(awk '{ print $2 }' <<< "${utxo}")
    utxo_balance=$(awk '{ print $3 }' <<< "${utxo}")
    total_balance=$((${total_balance}+${utxo_balance}))
    echo TxHash: ${in_addr}#${idx}
    echo ADA: ${utxo_balance}
    tx_in="${tx_in} --tx-in ${in_addr}#${idx}"
done < balance.out
txcnt=$(cat balance.out | wc -l)
echo Total ADA balance: ${total_balance}
echo Number of UTXOs: ${txcnt}

Find the stakeAddressDeposit value.

stakeAddressDeposit=$(cat $NODE_HOME/params.json | jq -r '.stakeAddressDeposit')
echo stakeAddressDeposit : $stakeAddressDeposit

Run the build-raw transaction command

cardano-cli transaction build-raw \
    ${tx_in} \
    --tx-out $(cat payment.addr)+0 \
    --invalid-hereafter $(( ${currentSlot} + 10000)) \
    --fee 0 \
    --out-file tx.tmp \
    --certificate stake.cert

Calculate the current minimum fee:

fee=$(cardano-cli transaction calculate-min-fee \
    --tx-body-file tx.tmp \
    --tx-in-count ${txcnt} \
    --tx-out-count 1 \
    --mainnet \
    --witness-count 2 \
    --byron-witness-count 0 \
    --protocol-params-file params.json | awk '{ print $1 }')
echo fee: $fee

Calculate your change output.

txOut=$((${total_balance}-${stakeAddressDeposit}-${fee}))
echo Change Output: ${txOut}

Build your transaction which will register your stake address.

cardano-cli transaction build-raw \
    ${tx_in} \
    --tx-out $(cat payment.addr)+${txOut} \
    --invalid-hereafter $(( ${currentSlot} + 10000)) \
    --fee ${fee} \
    --certificate-file stake.cert \
    --out-file tx.raw

Copy tx.raw to your cold environment.

Sign the transaction with both the payment and stake secret keys.

cardano-cli transaction sign \
    --tx-body-file tx.raw \
    --signing-key-file payment.skey \
    --signing-key-file stake.skey \
    --mainnet \
    --out-file tx.signed

Copy tx.signed to your hot environment.

Send the signed transaction.

cardano-cli transaction submit \
    --tx-file tx.signed \
    --mainnet

​📄 12. Register your stake pool

Create your pool's metadata with a JSON file. Update with your pool information.

cat > poolMetaData.json << EOF
{
"name": "MyPoolName",
"description": "My pool description",
"ticker": "MPN",
"homepage": "https://myadapoolnamerocks.com"
}
EOF