Guide | How to setup a validator for Ethereum staking on Pithos testnet in 10 minutes or less

Become a validator, start staking and help secure Ethereum, a proof-of-stake blockchain. Anyone with 32 ETH can join.

Your Mission

To participate in the public testnet known as Pithos, which is the public's first glimpse in helping Ethereum's journey towards "The Merge", where Ethereum will transition from proof of work to a much more sustainable proof of stake consensus model.

Major props and credits to parithosh for this knowledge share. Without his extensive work and dedication, this guide would not be possible.

The MergETHEREUM Panda

Learn more about the Merge: https://ethmerge.com/

Prerequisites

This guide was tested against Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS client. You'll need a virtual machine or local desktop/server/laptop/RaspberryPi.

Minimum Hardware Requirements

• Operating system: 64-bit Linux (i.e. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Server or Desktop)

• Processor: Dual core CPU, Intel Core i5–760 or AMD FX-8100 or better

• Memory: 4GB RAM

• Storage: 16GB SSD

For examples of actual staking hardware builds, check out RocketPool's hardware guide.

Pro Staking Tip: Highly recommend you begin with a brand new instance of an OS, VM, and/or machine. Avoid headaches by NOT reusing testnet keys, wallets, or databases for your validator.

How to participate with Pithos

At present, only the consensus beacon client and execution client are available now. Consensus layer's validator client are coming soon.

1. Install dependencies and updates

Install packages and update OS

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
sudo apt-get install git ufw curl -y

Install Docker

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Install Docker Compose

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

Verify docker and docker-compose installed properly.

docker --version
docker-compose --version

Sample output of known working versions.

Docker version 20.10.9, build c2ea9bc

docker-compose version 1.29.2, build 5becea4c

Reboot your machine to complete docker installation.

sudo reboot

2. Configure Firewall

Initialize the firewall with Ethereum's p2p ports and ssh.

More comprehensive staking validator node security best practices also available.

# By default, deny all incoming and outgoing traffic
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default allow outgoing

# Allow SSH access
sudo ufw allow ssh

# Allow execution client port
sudo ufw allow 30303/tcp

# Allow consensus client port
sudo ufw allow 9000/tcp
sudo ufw allow 9000/udp

# Enable UFW
sudo ufw enable

Confirm the settings are in effect.

sudo ufw status numbered

Example output:

Status: active

     To                         Action      From
     --                         ------      ----
[ 1] 9000/udp                   ALLOW IN    Anywhere
[ 2] 22/tcp                     ALLOW IN    Anywhere
[ 3] 30303/tcp                  ALLOW IN    Anywhere
[ 4] 9000/tcp                   ALLOW IN    Anywhere
[ 5] 9000/udp (v6)              ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)
[ 6] 22/tcp (v6)                ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)
[ 7] 30303/tcp (v6)             ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)
[ 8] 9000/tcp (v6)              ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)

For optimal connectivity, ensure Port Forwarding is setup for your router.

3. Setup Pithos ansible files

#Setup git directory
mkdir ~/git
cd ~/git

#Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/parithosh/consensus-deployment-ansible

#Change directories 
cd ~/git/consensus-deployment-ansible/scripts/quick-run/

#Create the required directories for persistent data
mkdir -p execution_data beacon_data

4. Set IP Address

Set your public IP address into the pithos.vars file. Ensure your IP address is correct by cross checking with https://www.whatismyip.com.

IP_ADDRESS=$(curl ifconfig.me)
echo My IP address: $IP_ADDRESS
sed -i -e "s/<ENTER-IP-ADDRESS-HERE>/$IP_ADDRESS/g" ~/git/consensus-deployment-ansible/scripts/quick-run/pithos.vars

5. Run the execution and consensus clients

Choose and start up your execution client.

Geth

docker-compose --env-file pithos.vars -f docker-compose.geth.yml up -d

Besu

docker-compose --env-file pithos.vars -f docker-compose.besu.yml up -d

Choose and start up your consensus client.

Lodestar

docker-compose --env-file pithos.vars -f docker-compose.lodestar.yml up -d

Teku

docker-compose --env-file pithos.vars -f docker-compose.teku.yml up -d

Lighthouse

docker-compose --env-file pithos.vars -f docker-compose.lighthouse.yml up -d

Check your logs to confirm that the execution and consensus clients are up and syncing.

Geth

docker logs geth -f --tail=20

Besu

docker logs besu -f --tail=20

Lodestar

docker logs lodestar_beacon -f --tail=20

Teku

docker logs teku_beacon -f --tail=20

Lighthouse

docker logs lighthouse_beacon -f --tail=20

Syncing is complete when your slot number matches that of a block explorers. Check https://pithos-explorer.ethdevops.io/

Since the network is relatively new, syncing both the execution and consensus layers should take a few minutes or so.

Congrats on setting up your Pithos staking node!

Note: Validator Deposits not yet available. Deposits for general public should be available in a week.

If you haven't already, learn to setup a Validator for Ethereum Staking.

Additional Information

Stopping the execution and consensus clients

To stop the clients, run

Geth

docker-compose -f docker-compose.geth.yml down

Besu

docker-compose -f docker-compose.besu.yml down

Lodestar

docker-compose -f docker-compose.lodestar.yml down

Teku

docker-compose -f docker-compose.teku.yml down

Lighthouse

docker-compose -f docker-compose.lighthouse.yml down

Troubleshooting

View the current running docker processes.

docker ps

Example output:

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                               COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
592fd5931a1b   parithoshj/geth:merge-ac736f9                       "geth --datadir=/exe…"   1 hours ago     Up 1 hours               geth

Notice the column under NAMES. In this example, it's geth.

We can shutdown and clean the container by calling geth's yml filename (e.g docker-compose.geth.yml). Update this filename for your specific execution or consensus client.

docker-compose -f docker-compose.geth.yml down --remove-orphans

Now start up the execution and consensus clients again.

Change Ports

Scenario: The default ports 30303 and 9000 are already in use and you need to change ports.

Edit the appropriate docker .yml file. e.g. docker-compose.geth.yml

Add this to the command line.

--port <your port#>

Update UFW firewalls and/or port forwarding rules accordingly.

Reference Material

• https://github.com/parithosh/consensus-deployment-ansible#pithos-testnet-ansible-files--config